Agra, ah'gra, a city of India, capital of a province of the same name, 841 mi. n. w. of Calcutta and 110 mi. s. e. of Delhi. It has interesting structures, among which are the imperial palace, the Moti Masjid, or Pearl Mosque; the mosque. and the Taj Mahal, a mausoleum of the seventeenth century, built by the emperor Shah Jehan to his favorite queen (See TAJ MAHAL). Agra has a trade in grain, sugar, tobacco and cotton, and manufactures, including inlaid mosaics, for which the inhabitants have acquired a world-wide reputation. The city is one of the oldest in India and has been prominent since the first part of the sixteenth century. During the Sepoy mutiny of 1857 it was a place of refuge for Europeans, after it was captured by the British. At present Agra is an important railway center and also a commercial and financial center of northwest India. Population in 1901, 188,300. Population in 1991, 948,063.