Atlan'ta, GA., the capital of the state, and the county-seat of Fulton co., 294 mi. n. w. of Savannah, and 171 mi. w by n. of Augusta, on five lines of the Southern Railroad, and on the Seaboard Air Line, the Western & Atlantic, the Central of Georgia, the Atlantic & Birmingham and other railroads. It is the largest city of the state and one of the most important railroad centers in the South. The city covers an area of about twelve square miles and is laid out in the form of a circle, with a radius of one and three-fourths miles. There are over 225 miles of streets, more than sixty of which are paved. Grant Park is a beautiful place within the circle, and Piedmond Park is on the site of the Atlanta Exposition. The most prominent building in the city is the state capitol, which cost $1,000,000. Its exterior is of limestone, while the interior is decorated with Georgia marble. The educational institutions include the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta University, Clark University, Atlanta Baptist College, Morris Brown College, Gammon Theological Seminary, several medical, dental and business colleges and other schools. The city has a Carnegie library and a state library which contains law books and valuable documents on colonial history. The charitable institutions include Grady Hospital, Presbyterian Hospital, several sanitariums, a home for the friendless, a Florence Crittenden home and orphan asylums. Among the other prominent buildings are the Union passenger station, the courthouse, the city hall, the custom house, the chamber of commerce, a federal prison, two opera houses, a number of hotels and business blocks. The city has excellent transportation facilities and conducts a large trade in cotton, tobacco, grain, horses and mules. The industrial establishments are rapidly increasing, and abundant water power is furnished by means of a dam across the Chattahoochee River. The principal manufactures include cotton goods, fertilizers, cotton-seed oil, foundry and machine shop products, engines, lumber, sheet metal work, terra, cotta, brick, paints and other articles. The first house was built on the site of Atlanta in 1836. The town was incorporated in 1843, under the name of Marthasville, and the present name was adopted two years later. The city was chartered in 1847, and at the outbreak of the Civil War had a population of about 11,000. During the war it was an important military point, and in 1864 was captured by the Federal army under Sherman. The city was nearly destroyed by fire on its evacuation by the Union forces, but after the war it was quickly rebuilt. In 1877 it was made the capital of the state, and in 1895 was the scene of the Cotton States and Atlanta Exposition. Population in 1910, 154,839, an increase of 49,839 since 1904.