Augsburg, a celebrated city of Bavaria. It takes its name from the old Roman colony established by Augustus about 14 B. C. In the Middle Ages Augsburg was a free, imperial city and the great center of traffic between Germany, Italy, and the Levant. The daughters of its merchants were considered fit wives for princes. The men of the Fugger family, in particular, raised themselves from the state of poor weavers to that of wealthy merchants, the Rothschilds of their age. They frequently replenished the exhausted treasury of Maximilian I and Charles V. Charles V held his famous Diets in this city. In 1530 the Protestant princes submitted the Augsburg Confession to the emperor for this approval. This was a reformed creed drawn up by Melanchthon. It is the present basis of the Lutheran faith. On account of its buildings and historical associations, Augsburg is an exceedingly interesting old city. The tourist is interested in the cathedral with fine stained glass windows, and altar pieces by Holbein the Elder; in the city hall, on the gable of which is fixed a large pine cone of bronze, the heraldic emblem of the city; in the Maximilian Museum, with collections of coins, medals, wood carvings, smith work, and relics from lake dwellings; in the Fugger House, still the residence of a descendant of that family; and in a picture gallery in the old monastery of St. Catherine. The old walls of the city have been leveled to make room for fine boulevards. The present population is about 90,000. The city has a fine water power, utilized by means of a number of canals traversing the town. Citizens are engaged in a number of modern industries, including the manufacture of linen, cotton, woolen, and silk cloth, watches, jewelry, goldsmith work, scientific instruments, leather, chemicals, and type. The Algemeine Zeitung, or Augsburg Gazette, one of the most influential papers in Europe, is published here. See BAVARIA; NUREMBERG.