ed'n bur'o, the capital of Scotland. It is picturesquely situated, being built on three eminences, surrounded on all sides by lofty hills, except on the north, where the ground slopes gently toward the Firth of Forth. It is divided into an Old Town and a New Town, and between these runs Prince's Street, one of the finest promenades in the world. Through the Old Town runs Canongate Street, rising gradually for almost a mile, and parallel with this is Cowgate Street. On the east, Calton Hill, 349 feet high, overlooks the city. Near by are Salisbury Crags, and directly behind this a rocky hill, Arthur's Seat, 796 feet high. Among the notable buildings are the ancient Parliament House, now the seat of the Supreme Court of Scotland; Saint Giles's Church, or Cathedral, an imposing edifice in the later Gothic style, recently carefully restored; the Tron Church; Victoria Hall, with a fine spire, and the Bank of Scotland, besides some of the old family houses of the Scottish nobility. Sir Walter Scott's monument is in the New Town. In the Old Town the most remarkable public building is the Castle. In an apartment here are kept the ancient regalia of Scotland. About a mile northeast of the castle. In an apartment here are kept the ancient regalia of Scotland. About a mile northeast of the castle is the celebrated royal Palace of Holyrood, which had its origin in the abbey founded by David I in the twelfth century. No part of the present Palace is older than the time of James V (1528). In the northwest angle of the building are the apartments which were occupied by Queen Mary, nearly in the same state in which they were left by that unfortunate princess. Among the various educational institutions are the University of Edinburgh, one of the most famous in Europe; the Advocates' Library, the largest library in Scotland, containing upward of 250,000 printed volume and 2000 manuscripts, and a fine public library erected by Andrew Carnegie. Besides the buildings already noted, Edinburgh possesses a large number of important edifices and institutions, chief among which are the Royal Institution, the National Gallery of Scotland, the Museum of Science and Art, the new Episcopal Cathedral of Saint Mary's and the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, one of the best hospitals in Europe. This city is the headquarters of the book trade in Scotland and is the seat of the chief government departments. Edinburgh is not an important manufacturing town; it has, however, various industries, including brewing, printing and publishing. The port is Leith. The origin of Edinburgh is uncertain. Its name is thought to be derived from Eadwinsburh, the Burgh of Edwin, a powerful Northumbrian king, who absorbed the Lothians in his rule. The town was made a royal burgh in the time of David I; but it was not till the fifteenth century that it became the recognized capital of Scotland, under the Stuart kings. Population in 1904, 331,977.