a range, or, rather, a series of ranges and elevated masses of mountains, stretching across Scotland diagonally, southwest to northeast, for about 150 miles. It commences in Argyleshire, and at the boundaries of Perthshire and Aberdeenshire may be said to separate into two distinct branches-one on the north side of the Dee, terminating near Huntly; the other running on the south side of that river, and terminating near Stonehaven. The Grampians comprise all the highest summits in Scotland--Ben Nevis, 4406 feet high; Ben Macdhui, 4296 feet high; Ben Cruachan, Ben Lomond, Cairngorm and Cairntoul. The more remarkable passes are those of Leney, Aberfoyle, Glenshee and Killiecrankie. See SCOTLAND, subhead Surface and Drainage.