GYMNOGRAMME (from gymnos, naked, and gramma, writing; referring to the spore cases). Including Ceterach (in part), Dictyogramme, Grammitis (in parts), Pterozonium, Selliguea, and Trismeria. ORD. Filices. A genus consisting of about a hundred species of (except where otherwise stated) beautiful stove Ferns. Sori arising from the veins over the under surface of the frond, linear or linear-oblong, simple or forked. Those species which have the under surface of the fronds covered with a yellow powder are popularly known as Gold Ferns, and those with silver powder as Silver Ferns. For culture, &c., see Ferns. GYMNOGRAMME calomelanos (beautiful black). sti. tufted, 6in. to 12in. long. fronds 1ft. to 3ft. long, 6in. to 12in. broad, tripinnatifid; pinnae close, lanceolate, lowest largest, about 2in. broad; lower pinnules distinct, often cut down nearly to the rachis; powder white. Tropics, 1790. A variable species. (H. G. F. 30.) GYMNOGRAMME calomelanos chrysophylla (golden-leaved).* Very like GYMNOGRAMME c. peruviana, but with darker rachis and bright yellow powder. Others included in this species by Mr. Baker are: Brackenridgei, intermedia, L'Herminieri, Martensii, and Massoni. GYMNOGRAMME calomelanos chrysophylla grandiceps (large-crested). A fine, crested variety. GYMNOGRAMME calomelanos peruviana (Peruvian).* sti. and rachis castaneous. fronds smaller; lower pinnae deltoid; lower pinnules often cut quite down to the rachis. GYMNOGRAMME caudiformis (tail-like). rhiz. woody, creeping, scaly. sti. 6in. to 9in. long. fronds 6in. to 9in. long, ovate-oblong, acuminate; sterile ones 3in. to 4in. broad; others 1in. to 2in. broad. Malay Archipelago, &c., 1862. GYMNOGRAMME chaerophylla (Chervil-leaved). sti. tufted, slender, 3in. to 6in. long. fronds 3in. to 6in. long, 2in. to 4in. broad, quadri-pinnatifid; lower pinnae and pinnules deltoid; the segments flabellately cut. Cuba to Paraguay, 1825. An elegant annual, producing an abundance of spores. GYMNOGRAMME decomposita (decompound).* sti. 1ft. long. fronds lanceolate-deltoid, 1 1/2ft. long, 1ft. broad, four or five-pinnatifid; pinnae close, lanceolate, the lowest largest; pinnules close, stalked, deltoid; powder yellow. South America, 1873. GYMNOGRAMME farinifera (farina-bearing). cau. short. sti. quadrangular, channelled, blackish, minutely white-dotted. fronds white beneath, mealy above. 1886. One of the numerous varieties of G. calomelanos. (I. H. 1886, 604.) GYMNOGRAMME ferruginea (rusty). sti. tufted, 6in. to 12in. long, tomentose. fronds about 1ft. long, 3in. to 4in. broad; pinnae 2in. to 3in. long, 1/2in. to 1in. broad, cut to the rachis into oblong or linear-oblong entire or slightly toothed lobes; lower surface and rachis densely tomentose. Tropical America. GYMNOGRAMME lanata is a variety with fronds less woolly beneath, and larger pinnules; the lower ones bluntly lobed half way down. GYMNOGRAMME flexuosa (wavy). sti. 6in. to 18in. long, flexuose, slender. fronds 3ft. to 4ft. long, scandent, three to four-pinnate; pinnae reflexed, outline sub-deltoid; segments flabellately-branched; rachis zigzag, branched. Central America to Peru, 1865. GYMNOGRAMME Hamiltoniana (Hamilton's). rhiz. wide-creeping, woody. fronds dimorphous; barren ones 1ft. long, 3in. to 4in. broad spathulate; fertile ones 4in. to 6in. long, 1 1/2in. broad; stems more than 1ft. long, slender. sori in broad continuous rows. Subtropical Himalaya. GYMNOGRAMME hispida (hairy). rhiz. creeping. sti. 3in. to 6in. long, pilose. fronds deltoid, tripinnatifid, 2in. to 3in. each way; lower pinnae much the largest, cut down to the rachis; upper pinnules close, ligulate, blunt; under surface with pale brown tomentum; rachis scaly. New Mexico. GYMNOGRAMME japonica (Japanese). rhiz. creeping. sti. 6in. to 12in. long. fronds 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, 1ft. broad, pinnate or bipinnate at the base; pinnae 6in. to 12in. long, 1in. to 2in. broad, linear-oblong, acuminate, entire, lower ones stalked. Japan, &c., 1863. Mr. Baker considers this as "probably not really distinct from GYMNOGRAMME javanica." There is a variegated form. GYMNOGRAMME javanica (Javanese).* rhiz. creeping. sti. 1ft. to 4ft. long. fronds 1ft. to 4ft. long, one to two-pinnate; pinnules sessile or nearly so, 3in. to 12in. long, 1/2in. to 3in. broad, the apex acuminate; rachis stramineous; both surfaces glossy. Tropics of Old World. GYMNOGRAMME lanceolata (lanceolate). rhiz. wide-creeping; scales small. fronds simple, 6in. to 12in. long, less than 1in. broad, point acute, edge entire, lower third narrowed gradually to the base. Tropics of Old World. GYMNOGRAMME Lathamiae (Mrs. Latham's).* cau. erect. sti. chestnut-red, tufted. fronds 2ft. to 2 1/2ft. long, quadripinnate; pinnae ascending, triangular, very shortly stalked, upper surface pale green, lower whitish. Supposed to be a hybrid between GYMNOGRAMME decomposita and GYMNOGRAMME schizophylla. It is a plant of garden origin, recently raised by Mr. W. B. Latham, Curator of the Botanic Gardens, Edgbaston. GYMNOGRAMME Laucheana grandiceps (Lauche's, large-headed). fronds elongated, bipinnate, terminating in a broadly tasselled, drooping apex, the under surface clothed with palish-yellow meal; segments blunt at the end. 1882. A garden form of G. calomelanos. The most striking of all the Gold Ferns. GYMNOGRAMME leptophylla (slender-leaved).* sti. 1in. to 4in. long. fronds 2in. to 4in. long, 1in. to 1 1/2in. broad, ovate or deltoid, two or three-pinnate; segments cuneate-flabellate, cut into linear or oblong lobes. Temperate regions throughout the world (Jersey). Hardy. One of the very few annual ferns. GYMNOGRAMME macrophylla (large-leaved). rhiz. creeping, scaly. sti. 2in. to 6in. long. fronds 1ft. to 1 1/2ft. long, 3in. to 4in. broad, narrowed gradually to both ends. sori in single continuous or slightly interrupted rows between the main veins. Malaya. GYMNOGRAMME Pearcei (Pearce's).* sti. 6in. to 9in. long. fronds about 1ft. each way, deltoid, quadripinnatifid; lower pinnae largest 4in. to 6in. long; pinnules imbricated; one vein and sorus to each ultimate division; powder white. Peru, 1864. GYMNOGRAMME Pearcei robusta (stout).* fronds narrower at the base and more elongated towards the apex than in the type. 1888. Plant larger in all its parts. GYMNOGRAMME pulchella (neat). sti. tufted, 6in. to 9in. long, powdery. fronds 6in. to 12in. long, 4in. to 6in. broad, tripinnatifid; lower pinnae largest; pinnules imbricated; segments flabellate-cuneate; powder pure white. Venezuela. The variety Wettenhalliana has pale sulphur-coloured powder. GYMNOGRAMME rufa (red). sti. tufted, 4in. to 12in. long, hairy. fronds 12in. to 18in. long, 3in. to 5in. broad, pinnate; pinnae distant, stalked, rounded, 1in. to 2 1/2in. long; rachis pilose. Tropical America, 1793. GYMNOGRAMME schizophylla (cut-leaved).* sti. tufted, slender. fronds 1 1/2ft. to 2ft. long, gracefully arching, very finely cut; ultimate pinnules minute. Jamaica, 1880. GYMNOGRAMME schizophylla gloriosa (glorious). A garden variety, of more vigorous habit than the type. (I. H. 522.) GYMNOGRAMME sulphurea (sulphur-coloured).* sti. densely tufted, 1in. to 6in. long, often powdery. fronds 6in. to 12in. long, 3in. to 4in. broad, tripinnatifid; lower pinnae gradually reduced; pinnules flabellately cut; powder bright yellow. West Indies, 1808. GYMNOGRAMME tartarea (infernal).* sti. tufted, 6in. to 12in. long. fronds 1ft. to 2ft. long, 6in. to 12in. broad, oblong-deltoid, bipinnatifid; pinnae lanceolate, lowest largest; pinnules oblong, obtuse, entire or nearly so; powder dense, pure white. Tropical America, 1817.There are three or four varieties, including ochracea (pinnules very regular, and only the lowest toothed; powder bright yellow), ornithopteris, and Steltzneri. GYMNOGRAMME tomentosa (tomentose). sti. tufted, 6in. to 12in. long, villose. fronds 6in. to 12in. long, deltoid, bipinnate; upper pinnae simple, stalked, 1in. to 2in. long, 1/2in. to 1in. broad; lower ones 1in. to 4in. long. South Brazil, &c., 1831. GYMNOGRAMME triangularis (triangular).* sti. densely tufted, 6in. to 12in. long. fronds 3in. to 4in. each way, deltoid; lower pinnae much the largest, deltoid; others lanceolate, deeply pinnatifid; powder varying from deep orange to white. Vancouver's Island, &c., 1874. GYMNOGRAMME trifoliata (trifoliate). sti. tufted, 8in. to 12in. long. fronds 2ft. to 3ft. long, 6in. to 8in. broad, pinnate; lower pinnae ternate, upper ones simple, petiolate, 2in. to 4in. long; under surface of fertile fronds clothed with white or yellowish powder. Tropical America, 1810. A variable species.